Djangopedia
← Explore the tunes
Player guide

Charleston

James P. Johnson’s dance-era standard, bringing syncopated melody and a clear dominant chain into Django’s guitar repertoire.

If you study one thing

Clap the melody's rhythm over a metronome before playing pitches.

Original illustration: Two dancers kicking their heels on a colorful geometric dance floor.
Original Djangopedia illustration · AI-assisted, 2026
Illustration credits
Chart keyB♭ major (inherited chart)
Form32-bar study chorus; four eight-bar phrases
FeelSwing
Meter4/4
MusicJames P. Johnson
Guide coverage12 / 12 sections present

Owner content reviewed — 2026-10-15T13:12:30Z by admin. Coverage measures presence, not accuracy. Content review does not certify rights or musical perfection.

See what is here and what is missing
  • ✓ Recording evidence
  • ✓ Key & form
  • ✓ Chart
  • ✓ History
  • ✓ Playing notes
  • ✓ Practice plan
  • ✓ Backing track
  • ✓ Django recording
  • ✓ Django solo study aid
  • ✓ Illustration
  • ✓ Sources
  • ✓ Difficulty

Django's Recordings

Django recordings for this tune. Uploader dates and take labels remain source claims; only an evidenced exact association enables a row’s Listen control.

1 historical recording entries · source text preserved
EntryYearRecording / session / release evidenceListen
011937Charleston, 21/4/37, OLA 1703-1,"Fremeaux FA 305, Classics 748, Affinity 1003, EMI 780671-2, Jazz Time 790560-2, Jazz Archives ZET 752, EMI 746 5012(Mistitled Swinging With Django), Mosaic MD6-190(6 CD Set)."," - Paris - QHCF - Stephane Grappelli (v), Django Reinhardt, Pierre Ferret, Marcel Bianchi (g), Louis Vola (b)"—

A dash means no video has been associated with this exact historical recording. Tune-level listening resources remain available above.

History & Listening

James P. Johnson composed The Charleston in 1923, with lyrics by Cecil Mack. It belongs to the dance and theatre culture of the twenties rather than being a Django composition. The inherited Django entry is dated 21 April 1937, matrix OLA 1703-1, and the Frémeaux discography credits Johnson. For a guitarist, the tune is an opportunity to separate a strong dance pulse from a syncopated melody: the accompaniment does not need to copy every offbeat.

Tune details

Music: James P. Johnson

Words: Cecil Mack

Source-attributed publication / composition: 1923

Original key: Not established

Study level: Intermediate; syncopation and dominant-chain accuracy

Melody & head

  • Listen for how the ensemble keeps time underneath the head's displaced accents.
  • Letting the syncopation pull the rhythm section off its underlying pulse.

Study the inherited Django recording evidence ↗

Listen for how the ensemble keeps time underneath the head's displaced accents.

Session evidence

Charleston, 21/4/37, OLA 1703-1,"Fremeaux FA 305, Classics 748, Affinity 1003, EMI 780671-2, Jazz Time 790560-2, Jazz Archives ZET 752, EMI 746 5012(Mistitled Swinging With Django), Mosaic MD6-190(6 CD Set)."," - Paris - QHCF - Stephane Grappelli (v), Django Reinhardt, Pierre Ferret, Marcel Bianchi (g), Louis Vola (b)"

Study the proposed backing arrangement ↗

The B-flat study chart uses a chain of dominants, including D7–G7–C7–F7, and visits the E-flat area. Follow the thirds through that chain to hear where each chord is heading. The rhythm supplies much of the identity, so harmony alone is not enough to recognize the tune. Check the video key before playing with the chart.

Chart & Form

The B-flat study chart uses a chain of dominants, including D7–G7–C7–F7, and visits the E-flat area. Follow the thirds through that chain to hear where each chord is heading. The rhythm supplies much of the identity, so harmony alone is not enough to recognize the tune.

Inherited chart retained as a study source. The tune is Johnson's Charleston, not a video merely filmed in the city of Charleston.

Inherited text chart
1Bb
2D7
3G7
4G7
5C7
6F7
7Bb
8F7
9Bb
10D7
11G7
12G7
13C7
14A7
15Dm
16F7
17Bb7
18Bb7
19Eb
20Eb
21Bb7
22Bb7
23Eb
24F7
25Bb
26D7
27G7
28G7
29C7
30F7
31Bb
32F7 :
Original chart text & notation
[[Image:Charleston.gif]]


| Bb/// | D7/// | G7/// | G7/// | C7/// | F7/// | Bb/// | F7/// |

| Bb/// | D7/// | G7/// | G7/// | C7/// | A7/// | Dm/// | F7/// |

| Bb7/// | Bb7/// | Eb/// | Eb/// | Bb7/// | Bb7/// | Eb/// | F7/// |

| Bb/// | D7/// | G7/// | G7/// | C7/// | F7/// | Bb/// | F7/// :||
Original source ↗

Play along

Study Django's Solo

Performed studies, transcriptions, TAB, notation and lessons for studying Django’s solo. Inclusion does not certify note-for-note accuracy.

Similar tunes

Behind the illustration

Original illustration: Two dancers kicking their heels on a colorful geometric dance floor.

Original AI-assisted editorial artwork inspired by the tune’s mood. It does not depict a documented historical event.

Original Djangopedia illustration · AI-assisted, 2026

Illustration credits & provenance →

Notable Gypsy Jazz Performances

Selected performances by notable Gypsy Jazz players and ensembles. Inclusion is editorial and does not imply an objective popularity ranking.

Improvisation

Target notes & voice leading

  • F♯ on D7, B on G7, E on C7 and A on F7 trace the chain.
  • D identifies the B♭ tonic; E♭ marks the subdominant area.

Pitch choices

  • Begin with the named chord tones. Add passing notes only after the melody and cadence are secure.

Clap the melody's rhythm over a metronome before playing pitches. Then play only the thirds of the dominant chain and reconnect them to the melody.

Comping & voicings

Keep steady, light quarter notes while the melody supplies the Charleston accents. Try the characteristic syncopated rhythm only as a deliberate variation, not as an unchanging accompaniment pattern.

Voicing note sets

  • B♭6: B♭–D–F–G.
  • G7: G–B–F; C7: C–E–B♭; F7: F–A–E♭.

Keep the accompaniment clear

  • First establish an even pulse; add rhythmic variation only when the melody leaves space.
  • Letting the syncopation pull the rhythm section off its underlying pulse.

Practice room

Start at 100–120; explore 170–200 bpm

Your assignment

Clap the melody's rhythm over a metronome before playing pitches. Then play only the thirds of the dominant chain and reconnect them to the melody.

Loop these changes

  • D7 → G7 → C7 → F7
  • F7 → B♭

Metronome

Count quarter notes first. Then place the click on beats 2 and 4 at half the click rate, keeping the phrase length unchanged.

Transposition

  • Move one short cadence to a nearby key by naming its chord tones, then return to the chosen study key.

At the session

B♭ major (inherited chart); 32-bar study chorus; four eight-bar phrases. Agree the arrangement, pickup and ending before counting in.

Start together

  • Count a clear tempo and use the final cadence of the agreed arrangement.

Finish together

  • Cue the final tonic together; agree any tag before starting.

Letting the syncopation pull the rhythm section off its underlying pulse.

  • Letting the syncopation pull the rhythm section off its underlying pulse.

Arranging the tune

Solo guitar

Keep the melody uppermost and begin with a single bass note under each harmony. B♭6: B♭–D–F–G.

Trio or larger group

Keep steady, light quarter notes while the melody supplies the Charleston accents. Try the characteristic syncopated rhythm only as a deliberate variation, not as an unchanging accompaniment pattern.

Vocal considerations

Choose a comfortable singing key and transpose the accompaniment as a whole; lyrics are not reproduced here.

Inherited media links

Sources & credits

This player guide combines inherited recording evidence and editorial study notes. Musical study notes are editorial suggestions; compare them with the recording.

Djangopedia legacy page ↗

Smithsonian — James P. Johnson ↗

  • Composer and 1923 date.

IMSLP — Charleston bibliographic entry ↗

  • Cecil Mack and James P. Johnson credits; no score copied.

Frémeaux — Django intégrale volume 5 ↗

  • Johnson credit on the 1937 Django track.
Illustration credit & provenance

Original Djangopedia illustration · AI-assisted, 2026

Original AI-assisted editorial artwork inspired by the tune’s mood. It does not depict a documented historical event.

Generated with the native image-generation tool on 2026-10-15; original editorial artwork, not a historical photograph.

Prompt: Create one original Djangopedia tune-guide illustration for Charleston. Landscape 1536x1024, 3:2. Playful mid-century modern print with broad 1930s–1950s jazz and Art Deco influences, angular geometric characters, confident navy outlines, flat warm cream, mustard yellow, warm red and turquoise, subtle paper grain. Two lively dancers doing an exuberant Charleston kick, fully visible heads and feet, asymmetrical rhythmic geometric floor, small stylized guitar and double-bass silhouettes behind. Joyful syncopation, balanced negative space, distinctive original composition, not a historical documentary scene. No words, letters, logos or watermark. Do not imitate any particular artist or existing artwork.

Research & rights notes
  • Exact original published key and take identity of the existing listening upload remain unconfirmed.
  • Original composition/recording rights not independently cleared. Video metadata and musical suitability are separate checks.